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Monday, December 22, 2008

Bazin on Umberto D.

Excerpt from "What is Cinema ? " in defence of De Sica's Umberto D (1952) :

"L'impossibilité où nous sommes d'en analyser les caractéristiques formelles ne procède-t-elle pas de ce qu'il représente l'expression la plus pure du néo-réalisme, de ce que Voleur de bicyclette en est comme le point zéro de référence, le centre idéal autour duquel gravitent sur leur orbite particulière les œuvres des autres grands metteurs en scène. Ce serait cette pureté même qui le rendrait indéfinissable puisqu'elle a pour propos paradoxal non point de faire spectacle qui semble réel, mais inversement d'instituer la réalité en spectacle : un homme marche dans la rue et le spectateur s'étonne de la beauté d'un homme qui marche. Jusqu'à plus ample informé, jusqu'à ce que soit réalisé le rêve de Zavattini de filmer sans montage quatre-vingt-dix-minutes de la vie d'un homme, Voleur de Bicyclette [Bicycle Thieves, 1948] est sans conteste l'expression extrême du néoréalisme.
De ce que cette mise en scène a précisement pour objet de se nier elle-même, d'être parfaitement transparente à la réalité qu'elle révèle, il serait pourtant naïf de conclure à son inexistence. Il est inutile de dire que peu de films ont été plus minutieusement concertés, plus médités, plus soigneusement élaborés, mais tout le travail de de Sica y tend à donner l'illusion du hasard, à faire que la nécessité dramatique ait le caractère de la contingence. Mieux, il est parvenu à faire de la contingence la matière du drame. Rien ne se produit dans le Voleur de Bicyclette qui n'eût pu ne pas se produire : l'ouvrier pourrait par chance, au milieu du film, retrouver son vélo, on rallumerait la salle et de Sica viendrait s'excuser de nous avoir dérangés, mais après tout nous serions bien contents quand même pour l'ouvrier. C'est le merveilleux paradoxe esthétique de ce film qu'il ait la rigueur de la tragédie et que rien n'y arrive pourtant que par hasard. Mais c'est justement de la synthèse dialectique des valeurs contraires de l'ordre artistique et du désordre amorphe de la réalité qu'il tire son originalité. Il n'est pas une image qui ne soit chargé de sens, qui n'enfonce dans l'esprit la pointe aigüe d'une vérité morale inoubliable, pas une non plus qui ne trahisse pour ce faire l'ambigüité ontologique de la réalité. Pas un geste, pas un incident, pas un objet n'y sont déterminés à priori par l'idéologie du metteur en scène. S'ils s'ordonnent avec une clarté irréfutable sur le spectre de la tragédie sociale, c'est comme les grains de limaille sur le spectre de l'aimant : séparément. Mais le résultat de cet art où rien n'est nécessaire, n'a perdu le caractère fortuit du hasard, c'est justement d'être doublement convaincant et démonstratif. (...)
On voit combien ce néo-réalisme est loin de la conception formelle qui consiste à habiller une histoire avec de la réalité. Quant à la technique proprement dite, Voleur de Bicyclette est, comme beaucoup d'autres films, tourné dans la rue avec des acteurs non professionnels, mais son vrai mérite est tout autre : c'est de ne pas trahir l'essence des choses, de les laisser d'abord exister pour elles-mêmes librement, de les aimer dans leur singularité particulière. (...)
Zavattini m'a dit : " Je suis comme un peintre devant une prairie et qui se demande par quel brin d'herbe il doit commencer. " De Sica est le metteur en scène idéal de cette profession de foi. Il y a l'art de peindre la prairie comme des rectangles de couleur. Et aussi celui des auteurs dramatiques qui divisent le temps de la vie en épisodes qui, au regard de l'instant vécu, sont ce qu'est le brin d'herbe à la prairie. Pour peindre chaque brin d'herbe, il faut être le douanier Rousseau. Dans le cinéma, il faut avoir pour la création l'amour d'un de Sica.

Note sur " Umberto D ".

Jusqu'au jour où je vis Umberto D, je considérais Voleur de Bicyclette comme l'extrême limite du néo-réalisme en ce qui concerne la conception du récit. Aujourd'hui il me semble que Voleur de Bicyclette est encore loin de l'idéal du sujet zavatinien. Non que je considère Umberto D comme "supérieur". L'inégalable supériorité de Voleur de bicyclette demeure la réconciliation paradoxale de valeurs radicalement contradictoires: la liberté du fait et la rigueur du récit. Mais à cette réconciliation les auteurs n'ont atteint qu'au sacrifice de la continuité même de la réalité. Dans Umberto D on entrevoit à plusieurs reprises ce que serait un cinéma véritablement réaliste quant au temps. Un cinéma de la "durée".
Il faut préciser que ces expériences de "temps continu" ne sont pas absolument originales au cinéma. Dans La corde par exemple, Alfred Hitchcock a réalisé un film de quatre-vingt-dix minutes sans interruptions. Mais il s'agissait justement d'une "action", comme au théâtre. Le vrai problème ne se pose pas par rapport à la continuité de la pellicule impressionnée, mais à la structure temporelle de l'événement.
Si La Corde [Rope, 1948] a pu être tournée sans changement de plans, sans arrêt des prises de vues, et offrir pourtant un spectacle dramatique, c'est que les événements étaient déjà ordonnés dans l'œuvre théâtrale selon un temps artificiel : le temps du théâtre (comme il y a celui de la musique ou de la danse).
Dans deux scènes au moins d'Umberto D, les problèmes du sujet et du scénario se posent tout à fait différemment. Il s'agit là de rendre spectaculaire et dramatique le temps même de la vie, la durée naturelle d'un être auquel n'arrive rien de particulier. Je pense notamment au coucher d'Umberto D, qui rentre dans sa chambre et croit avoir la fièvre, et surtout, au réveil de la petite bonne. Ces deux séquences constituent sans doute la "performance" limite d'un certain cinéma, sur le plan de ce que l'on pourrait appeler "le sujet invisible", je veux dire, totalement dissout dans le fait qu'il a suscité, tandis que lorsqu'un film est tiré d'une "histoire", celle-ci reste distincte comme le squelette sans les muscles; on peut toujours "raconter le film".
La fonction du sujet n'est pas ici moins essentielle, mais sa nature est d'être totalement réabsorbée par le scénario. Si l'on veut, le sujet existe avant, il n'existe plus après. Après, il n'y a plus que le fait qu'il a lui-même prévu. Si je prétends raconter le film à quelqu'un qui ne l'a pas vu, ce que fait par exemple Umberto D dans sa chambre ou Maria, la petite bonne, à la cuisine, que me reste-t-il à dire ? Une poussière impalpable de gestes sans significations, où mon interlocuteur ne pourra prendre la moindre idée de l'émotion qui saisit le spectateur. Le sujet est ici sacrifié à l'avance, comme la cire perdue dans la fonte du bronze.
Sur le plan du scénario, ce type de sujet correspond réciproquement à un scénario entièrement fondé sur le comportement de l'acteur. Puisque le temps véritable du récit n'est pas celui du drame, mais la durée concrète du personnage, cette objectivité ne peut se traduire en mise en scène (scénario et action) qu'à travers une subjectivité absolue. Je veux dire que le film s'identifie absolument avec ce que fait l'acteur, et seulement avec ceci. Le monde extérieur se trouve réduit au rôle d'accessoire de cette action pure et qui se suffit à elle-même, comme ces algues qui, privées d'air, produisent l'oxygène dont elle ont besoin. L'acteur qui représente une certaine action, qui "interprète un rôle", se dirige toujours en partie lui-même, parce qu'il se réfère plus ou moins à un système de conventions dramatiques généralement admises et apprises dans les conservatoires. Ces conventions mêmes ne lui sont plus ici d'aucune aide ; il est entièrement entre les mains du metteur en scène dans cette totale imitation de la vie. (...)"
(in De Sica metteur en scène, 1952; in What is Cinema? Vol.2, Trad. Gray)
Automatic translation by Google here. If anyone has the official Gray translation, please add it here.

Wednesday, December 03, 2008

Where is cinema heading to?

Short videos on this question answered by Jia Zhang-ke, Hou Hsiao-hsien, Lisandro Alonso and Albert Serra.

Jia Zhang-ke (Chinese + French subs) 58" [centrepompidou]
Jia Zhang-ke : "I'm very confident in the future of cinema and I'm confident about new media, like internet or cell phones, that allow the audience to watch movies. But I'm also certain that the movie houses will last long. It's extremely important that the audience could gather in a common place to watch a filmic work. The size of the screen begs for respect, both for the work and the audience. This mutual respect will continue. And this is how I envision the future of cinema. Merci"



Hou Hsiao-hsien (chinese + French subs) 1'25" [centrepompidou]

HHH: "Well it's not like writting... where we only need a pen and a paper. To work with cinema it's different. Question is : what is the difference between images and words? It's totally different. How are we going to work with images? We know that, from Lumière brothers up to now, cinema only exists for some 100 years. Now there are digital cameras, it will change everything, create new different forms. The point we are at now, we can't say where is cinema heading to. And especially, there is Internet now. It's very difficult to define the future of cinema.



Lisandro Alonso (Spanish, English + French subs) 48" [centrepompidou]
Lisandro Alonso : "I don't know. It's difficult to say something serious... because it seems cinema is a little dead. But... I don't know, we have to go back to Lumière brothers. And then we'll see."



Albert Serra, Cannes 2008 (French) 5' [centrepompidou]
Albert Serra : "It's difficult to say because cinema is losing its popular aspect. Because people became more stupid, right? since the 80ies, 90ies... and filmmakers are more erudit, we're talking about real filmmakers, right, trying to find a new original path. All this means more and more sophistication, more abstract, more impenetrable, regarding images. But the audience, with TV that has become this god of today, always into classical narration. I believe that cinema of the future will precisely be in the museum. It's the museum that will give money to make films, in the festivals. Maybe in 2018 at the Director's Fortnight they will give money to 5 filmmakers to make their film. Already today there are festivals like Rotterdam that give money to makes films. Because the usual ways to find money are difficult. TV today is impossible. I never had a TV set at home since I have 18 years old. It's a cancer. Someone who watches TV deserves to die right away. And it's me who will do it, naturally, if it's necessary. To find funds for cinema... I don't know if it's the same in France, but TV used to acquire art films before, today they don't buy anything... There is only the state subsidies... but there is less and less aids for art films. The era when The Rolling Stones, The Beatles, The Beach Boys, great artists, made music for a large popular success, when Godard could make a totally crazy movie with a big popular success... this era is over for ever.
What will cinema become? I don't know, it will simply lose its popular dimension. Because the people has become more stupid, cinema has evolved a little. Now with Modern Cinema there is no classical narration, we can see the images. Today for Modern Cinema it's like writing a poem. When you read a novel, you look for ideas, stories, all that. But when you read a poem, you don't have an absolute for each verse to have its own obvious signification. They could relate to an image or a suggestion... but there is always in your head this idea, and each verse don't need to have a full perfect meaning, where everything is evident. It's more like suggestions and images. In this approach of cinema, people move away from the popular side, more to the poetic side, like a poem. It will become more and more difficult to keep this tradition of cinema as we know it since its birth. Images pure and beautiful, but for everyone. It's a shame. It makes me sad. I try to keep this popular side with my non-actors, certain details, but it's a pity, I think it will disappear..."

Friday, November 21, 2008

Announcement: Unspoken Cinema Journal. Call for submissions.


Unspoken Cinema Journal

Bela Tarr issue – Call for submissions


To coincide with recent remarks made by Béla Tarr, that his next film may be his last, Unspoken Cinema Journal is delighted to dedicate its inaugural issue to the uncompromising Hungarian master.

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Unspoken Cinema Journal is a quarterly periodical devoted to scholarship, discussion and the promotion of contemplative cinema. Despite its elusive definition, we recognize contemplative cinema as one that departs from the safety of neorealism and transcendental style; to fearlessly explore the undrawn aesthetic boundaries of minimalism, mutism, existentialist and materialist film. We also recognize contemplative cinema as a truly transcultural cinematic avant-garde.

Our intention is to deliver as rich and engaging exploratory film criticism in this field as possible. Unspoken Cinema Journal encourages written and image (still) based submissions from a wide range of styles. We welcome established contributors as much as lesser known cinéphiles. Accepted formats include: polemical writing, manifestos, photo essays, transcribed interviews, traditional academic essays and journalistic reports. We advance no restrictions on ideological or hermeneutic approach. Unspoken Cinema Journal is also committed to open access, we believe that content should be accessible to the widest online readership.

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Suggested – but not exhaustive – topics for the Béla Tarr issue:

Responses to journeys and travel in Tarr’s cinema; constructions of spatio-temporal geography. Explorations of the (a)political and historical landscape of Tarr’s world. Tarr’s cinema versus the conventions of commercial infrastructure. Image essays on Tarr’s cinematographic discourse: A camera as stalker, voyeur or omnipresence. Retrospectives and overviews of Tarr’s cinematic legacy. We are especially interested in contributions on Family Nest (1979) and The Man From London (2007).

Style guidelines

Articles, reports, transcriptions 800 - 2500 words and essays 3000 - 6000. Submit as A4 word format (double-spaced), using MLA referencing style.

Deadline for issue 1 is 19th January 2009, although we will continue to accept for future issues. All successful contributions shall appear at the forthcoming website.

All contact, enquiries and submissions: unspokenjournal@googlemail.com

image: Flickr.

Thursday, November 06, 2008

Tarr Béla quits cinema?

Supportive Petition for Tarr Béla

In the September issue of Cahiers (#637), one of the best filmmaker working today, Béla Tarr, casually declares at the end of an interview being fed up. He wants to end his career after his next film (in production now in November 2008) which will be his last. Tarr Béla, the Hungarian auteur who gave us : The Man From London (2007), Werckmeister harmóniák (2000), Sátántangó (1994), Damnation (1988), Almanac of Fall (1985), The Prefab People (1982), Family Nest (1979)...
Excerpt from the end of the interview (my unauthorized translation), by Cyril Neyrat and Emmanuel Burdeau made in Paris, on June 26, 2008 :
[about The Man From London]
Cahiers : you suppressed almost all dialogue from Simenon's novel. The lines remaining are very strong, and performed with power. Where from does this excess of emotional expression?
Tarr : I maybe come back to my roots, Family Nest, my first movies in which I was very expressive. I admit I feel deeply fed up. I'm going to quit cinema, but not right away.

CdC: why fed up?
Tarr: I can't stand this fucking polite equality, "petite-bourgeoise", existing in the world. This deal between the poor and Society, how they are forced to accept this order, and we accept this shitty world, it's unbelievable. So no, I have to show what is really going on : people are fed up, their emotions are strong, powerful. And the question is : how these emotions are exploited, controlled, before the big bang.

CdC: Do you really mean to quit cinema?
Tarr: Yes. I just want to make one last film.

CdC: Do you have a scenario?
Tarr: Absolutely. I intend to start shooting in October. When you'll see it, you'll understand why it can only be my last film. I will shoot it in Hungary. Only 3 protagonists, a very small budget, a film very simple. Even more simple, purer.

CdC: What will you do then?
Tarr: Oh, I have plans. No, I don't want to die. I like life, I appreciate it, of course. I know very well how shitty it is, but I'm able to appreciate it. On one condition : that I'm able to do something. Or else..."
This interview is very disturbing, and I'm surprised Cahiers didn't even investigate the point, left him hanging there without trying to find out what he really meant by this. He also declared in a screening of The Man From London, in Paris (Sept 8, 2008) :
"he wanted to paint, take photographs and write in the future, avoiding the role of 'burned out director'."
In another interview for the French website DVDrama (19 Sept 2008):
Tarr Béla : "I never compromised. If one day I had been stopped to do what I wanted, then I would have aborted the film,thus cinema altogether. I disagree with the idea that a film should be made at all costs because it is necessary to make a film, and in fact to sell out to the system. [...] By the way, I think my next feature film will be the last one and the pinnacle of my career.

DVDrama: Why the last one?
Tarr : Because I'm appalled by today's cinema. I think spectators want less and less a demanding cinema. [...] During all my career I made sure never to underestimate the capacity of the audience and I made films for those who like that, because I think they deserve it that such cinema must exist.

DVDrama: Should this renunciation be perceived as despair?
Tarr: Maybe, yes, but it's also because my cinema requires too much money and that I always used to push the rules in each new film, inventing ideas of mise en scène, while developing my own style. [...] With The Man From London, I realised that I maybe reached the limit of my capacity to renew myself and to create new forms.
I don't know what are his motivations, if it's personal or if it's the struggle of making films in the margin... he probably knows what he's doing. The publicity stunt to boost his next film is highly unlikely.
Anyway, I'm disheartened at the idea that there will be no more masterpieces made by Tarr Béla, for us to anticipate and discover and explore and enjoy... after that last one. It's impossible. We need a Tarr Béla working to show there is light. Personally I believe he is the most sophisticated filmmaker in the world today. He's like Tarkovsky in his time, the one who understands the medium the best and pushes it where nobody else led it before, because he masters camerawork, photography, direction and timing so perfectly. He's a genius and we need many more of his films. Let's just tell him that he's not replaceable.

If only to show him support and love, I would like to propose to readers of Unspoken Cinema, and every admirer of his oeuvre in the world, to pass on a symbolic petition asking Tarr Béla to reconsider his decision, if it is even possible. The idea of a petition might sound ridiculous, but I prefer this gesture to the late regrets of an obituary, looking back with nostalgia on all the unfinished projects.
In any case, we need to get together, and make sure to give a triumphant reception to his next film, if it happens to be his last. Maybe a Tarr Béla blogathon would suit this event.


Please sign here to show your support, pass it on to everyone and share your opinions on the situation.

Monday, October 27, 2008

LINKS :: TSAI Ming-liang

TSAI Ming-liang 蔡明亮 (born October 27, 1957, Ku Ching, Malaysia) = 51 yold in 2008
13 films / 12 screenplays (1st film: 1991/latest film: 2009)
INSPIRED BY : François Truffaut (Les 400 coups), Grace Chang, King Hu (Dragon Inn), Edward Yang?
C.C.C. films (strict model in red) : Visage (2009); Madame Butterfly (2008); It's a Dream (2007)v; I Don't Want to Sleep Alone (2006)v; The Wayward Cloud (2005)v; Goodbye, Dragon Inn (2003)v; The Skywalk Is Gone (2002)v; What Time Is It There? (2001)v; The Hole (1998)v; The River (1997)v; Vive L'Amour (1994)v; Rebels of the Neon God (1992)v; Boys (1991);
INFLUENCE ON : Lee Kang-sheng, Lisandro Alonso, James Lee?

Visage / Face (2009) IMDb
Madame Butterfly (2008)
It's a Dream (2007) (segment in Chacun son cinéma) IMDb
I Don't Want to Sleep Alone 黑眼圈 Hei yan quan (2006) IMDb
The Wayward Cloud 天邊一朵雲 Tian bian yi duo yun (2005) IMDb
Aquarium (2004) segment in Bem-Vindo a São Paulo IMDb
  • (add link here)
Goodbye, Dragon Inn 不散 Bu san (2003) IMDb
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 15 Oct 2003)
  • "Fantômes chinois à Nantes" By: Elisabeth Lequeret (Cahiers du cinéma, #586, Jan 2004) [FRENCH]
  • "L'antre de l'adieu" By: Antoine Thirion (Cahiers du cinéma, #592, Jul-Aug 2004) [FRENCH]
  • Review By: Daniel Kasman (d+kaz, 20 Sept 2004)
  • "The Films in His Life" By: Nick Pinkerton (reverse shot, winter 2004)
  • Goodbye, Dragon Inn: Tsai Ming-liang’s political aesthetics of nostalgia, place, and lingering.By: Kenneth Chan (Journal of Chinese Cinemas, 1.2, 2007)
  • Realism, intertextuality and humour in Tsai Ming-liang’s Goodbye, Dragon Inn.By: Chris Wood (Journal of Chinese Cinemas, 1.2, 2007)
  • Review By: Marc Raymond (Foreigner's guide to Film culture in Korea, 22 June 2008)
  • (add link here)
The Skywalk Is Gone 天桥不见了 Tian qiao bu jian le (2002) IMDb
What Time Is It There? 你那边几点 Ni na bian ji dian (2001) IMDb
  • "Poisson" By: Charles Tesson (Cahiers du cinéma, #558, June 2001) [FRENCH]
  • "Taipei-Paris, aller-retour" By: Erwan Higuinen (Cahiers du cinéma, #558, June 2001) [FRENCH]
  • "A director treading water" By: Steve James (WSWS, 8 Sept 2001)
  • "Et là-bas, quelle heure est-il ? de Tsai Ming-liang" By: Jean-Sébastien Chauvin (Cahiers du cinéma, #561, Oct 2001) [FRENCH]
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 2002)
  • "Een Taiwanese Don Quichote" By: Mike Lebbing (Filmkrant, #231, March 2002) [DUTCH]
  • Review By: Tony Rayns (Sight and Sound, July 2002)
  • "The European Undead: Tsai Ming-liang’s Temporal Dysphoria" By: Fran Martin (Senses of cinema, June 2003)
  • (add link here)
Fish, Underground 与神对话 A Conversation with God (2001) IMDb
The Hole 洞 Dong (1998) IMDb
  • "The hole" By: Jean-Marc Lalanne (Cahiers du cinéma, #525, June 1998) [FRENCH]
  • "Les vies du chat" By: Olivier Joyard (Cahiers du cinéma, #534, April 1999) [FRENCH]
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 2001)
  • Matsumura, Tatsuya. “Internal Borders, or De-translating the Construction of Male Homosexuality: Tsai Ming-liang’s The Hole and the Imaging of ‘Okama’ in Contemporary Japan.Paper presented at the QGrad Conference, UCLA, October 16, 2004.
  • "Love Streams" By: Jeff Reicher (reverse shot, winter 2004)
  • "Peering into the hole..." By: Fred Patton (DVD Beaver, ?)
  • (add link here)
The River 河流 He liu (1997) IMDb
  • "Histoire d'eau" By: Jean-Marc Lalanne (Cahiers du cinéma, #516, Sept 1997) [FRENCH]
  • "City Without Tears" By: Jonathan Rosenbaum (Chicago Reader, 2000)
  • "Notes on Tsai Ming-liang's The River" By: Fiona A. Villella (Senses of cinema, 2001)
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 2001)
  • "Innerspace" By: Ken Chen (reverse shot, winter 2004)
  • (add link here)
Vive L'Amour 愛情萬歲 Ai qing wan sui (1994) IMDb
  • "Where Is the Love? Hyperbolic Realism and Indulgence in Vive L'Amour" By: Chris Berry. Island On The Edge: Taiwan New Cinema and After. Edited by Chris Berry and Feii Lu. Hong Kong University Press, (2005).
  • "Tsai Ming-liang's Vive l'amour: Taipei's lonely souls" By: David Walsh (WSWS, 24 October 1994) cached
  • "L'amour mon cul" By: Camille Nevers (Cahiers du cinéma, #490, April 1995) [FRENCH]
  • Alienation, Aesthetic Distance, and Absorption in Tsai Mingliang's Vive L'AmourBy: Richard Read (New Formations, #40, Spring 2000)
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 2001)
  • Review By: Andrew Schenker (Not coming to a theatre near you, 10 June 2008)
  • (add link here)
Rebels of the Neon God 青少年哪吒 Qing shao nian nuo zha (1992) IMDb
  • "Des torrents de larmes" By: Olivier Joyard (Cahiers du cinéma, #523, April 1998) [FRENCH]
  • Review By: acquarello (Strictly Film School, 2002)
  • Only ConnectBy: Nick Pinkerton (reverse shot, winter 2004)
  • (add link here)


GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • Reynaud, Bérénice, "Deux cinéastes d'Asie majeurs", Cahiers du cinéma, #490, April 1995 (on Kar-Wai Wong ; Ming-Liang Tsai) [FRENCH]
  • Jousse, Thierry, "Cinéastes chinois d'aujourd'hui", Bérénice Reynaud ; Olivier Assayas ; Pierre-Olivier Toulza ; Antoine de Baecque, Cahiers du cinéma, #497, Dec 1995 (on Kar-Wai Wong ; Stanley Kwan ; Edward Yang ; Hsiao-Ming Hsu ; Hsiao-Hsien Hou ; Ming-Liang Tsai ; Kaige Chen ; Yimou Zhang ; Wen Jiang ; Yuan Zhang ; Ying Ning) [FRENCH]
  • "Une onde mauvaise à boire. La trilogie taiwanaise de Tsai Ming-liang" By: Sandrine Marquès (revue Eclipses, #28, 1999) [FRENCH] on Rebels, Vive l'Amour & The River
  • Joyard, Olivier, "Yang Kuei-mei, dansons sous le pluie"[sic], Cahiers du cinéma, April 1999, Hors série "Made in China" [FRENCH]
  • Read, Richard, “Alienation, Aesthetic Distance and Absorption in Tsai Ming-liang's Vive l'amour”, New Formations: A Journal of Culture/Theory /Politics, 40, 2000
  • Chiwen Liu, Kate, “Family in the Postmodern 'Non-Places' in the Films by Atom Egoyan and Ming-liang Tsai”, Fu Jen Studies: Literature and Linguistics, 34, 2001
  • Jones, Kent, “Here and There: The Films of Tsai Ming-liang”, in "Movie Mutations" Ed. BFI, 1998-2002
  • Joyard, Olivier, "Auteurs, classe affaires", Cahiers du cinéma, #568, May 2002 (on Elia Suleiman ; Abbas Kiarostami ; Kar-Wai Wong ; Hsiao-Hsien Hou ; Ming-Liang Tsai) [FRENCH]
  • Chauvin, Jean-Sébastien, "Tsai réapparaît", Cahiers du cinéma, #573, Nov 2002, on The Skywalk is gone [FRENCH]
  • Ciment, Michel “Ming-liang Tsai” in "Petite planète cinématographique. 50 réalisateurs, 40 ans de cinéma, 30 pays", Paris, Ed. Stock, 2003 [FRENCH]
  • Matsumura, Tatsuya. “Internal Borders, or De-translating the Construction of Male Homosexuality: Tsai Ming-liang’s The Hole and the Imaging of ‘Okama’ in Contemporary Japan.” Paper presented at the QGrad Conference, UCLA, October 16, 2004
  • Berry, Michael. “Tsai Ming-liang: Trapped in the Past.” Speaking in Images: Interviews with Contemporary Chinese Filmmakers. New York: Columbia UP, 2005
  • Tessé, Jean-Philippe, "Berlin, petite pêche", Cahiers du cinéma, #600, April 2005 (on Yoon-ki Lee ; Ming-Liang Tsai ; Alexandre Sokourov) [FRENCH]
  • Frodon, Jean-Michel, "Tsai Ming-liang au Louvre", Cahiers du cinéma, #603, Jul-Aug 2005 [FRENCH]
  • Frodon, Jean-Michel, "Venise impériale", Stéphane Delorme, Cahiers du cinéma, #616, Oct 2006 (on Zhangke Jia ; Ming-Liang Tsai ; Johnnie To ; Kiyoshi Kurosawa ; Shinji Aoyama ; Apichatpong Weerasethakul ; Garin Nugroho ; David Lynch) [FRENCH]
  • Chan, Kenneth. “Goodbye, Dragon Inn: Tsai Ming-liang’s political aesthetics of nostalgia, place, and lingering.” Journal of Chinese Cinemas 1.2 (2007)
  • Wood, Chris. “Realism, intertextuality and humour in Tsai Ming-liang’s Goodbye, Dragon Inn.” Journal of Chinese Cinemas 1.2 (2007): 105–16.
  • Martin, Fran. “Introduction: Tsai Ming-liang’s intimate public worlds.” Journal of Chinese Cinemas 1.2 (2007)
  • Balsom, Erika, "Saving the Image. Scale and duration in contemporary art cinema" CineAction, #72 (2007)
  • Yvette Biro, "Tender is the regard" Film Quarterly, Vol.61, n°4 (Summer 2008), P. 34-40 on Tsai's I Don't Want to Sleep Alone & JZK's Still Life
  • Saburaud, Frédéric, "Tsai Ming-liang : l'épure et la manière. Le cinéma a-minima 1" Trafic, n°72, hiver 2009
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BOOK on Tsai Ming-Liang
  • Yee Chih-yen, “New discoveries, the second new wave : overview” Trans. Sam Ho, Taiwan, Ed. Variety Publishing, 1994 (on Ang Lee ; Ming-Liang Tsai ; Hsiao-Ming Hsu ; Kuo-Fu Chen)
  • Rivière, Danièle. “Tsaï Ming-liang. Repérages” Trans. Andrew Rothwell "Scoutings". Dir. Jean-Pierre Rehm, Olivier Joyard & Danièle Rivière. Paris: Ed. Dis Voir, 1999. [FRENCH] [ENGLISH] | book review By: Tara Forrest | By: acquarello
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GENERAL ONLINE ARTICLES


INTERVIEW
  • Interview By: Michel CIMENT (Positif, n° 410, 1995) [FRENCH]
  • Interview By: Bérénice REYNAUD (Cahiers du Cinéma, n°516, 1997) on The River [FRENCH]
  • "An interview with Tsai Ming-liang, Director of The Hole" By: ? (World Socialist Web Site, Oct 1998)
  • "La clarté du présent" By: Emmanuel Burdeau & Olivier Joyard (Cahiers du cinéma, Hors série "Made in China", April 1999) [FRENCH]
  • "Une histoire de famille" By: Olivier de BRUYN (Première, n°295, 2001) [FRENCH]
  • Interview By: Philippe PIAZZOT (Le Monde, Aden, n°176, 2001) [FRENCH]
  • Interview By: Erwan Higuinen; Trad. Thien See-chua (Cahiers du cinéma, #561, Oct 2001) [FRENCH]
  • "Confined Space—Interview with Tsai Ming-liang" By: Nanouk Leopold (Senses of cinema, 2002)
  • "Cities and Loneliness; Tsai Ming-liang's What Time Is It There?" By: ? (IndieWire, ?)
  • "Creativity + A Search for Truth = Box Office Rewards?" By: Ann Translated (Compass magazine, May 2002)
  • "Ghost Writer" By: Jeff Reichert and Erik Syngle, Translation by Shujen Wang (reverse shot, winter 2004)
  • Berlin Press conference of Tsai Ming-liang, Lee Kang-sheng, Lu Yi-ching, Chen Shiang-Chyi, Bruno Pesery for The Wayward Cloud (16 Feb 2005) [video]
  • "Lee Kang-sheng ne faisait jamais ce que je voulais" Rencontre Tsai Ming-Liang et Lee Kang sheng By: Jean-Michel Frodon (Cahiers du cinéma, #603, Jul-Aug 2005) [FRENCH]
  • Interview Tsaï Ming-liang By: MAxime C. (Cinemasia, Dec 2005) [FRENCH]
  • "2006 TIFF--The Evening Class Interview With Tsai Ming-Liang" By: Michael Guillen (The Evening Class, 14 Sept 2006)
  • Tsai Ming-liang at Cannes' L'Atelier for Visages (France Culture, 2007) [FRENCH]
  • Interview Tsaï Ming-liang By: Benjamin Dessaint (Cinemasia, 19 April 2007) [FRENCH]
  • "L'esprit révolutionnaire. La diffusion selon Tsai" By: Antoine Thirion & Emmanuel Burdeau; Trad. Vincent Wang (Cahiers du cinéma, #624, June 2007) [FRENCH]
  • "Of Human Bonding" By: Aysegul Koc (CineAction, #71, 2007, p.48)
  • "How does arthouse and indenpendent cinema relates to commercialism?" Room 999, Jan 2009
  • Salomé et le Dragon : un portrait de Tsai Ming Liang (France Culture, Champ Libre, 15 May 2009) [FRENCH] radio
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TEXT BY Tsai Ming-liang

WEBSITES

DOCUMENTARY ON Tsai Ming-liang
  • Yang ± Yin: Gender in Chinese Cinema (1996/Stanley Kwan/Hong Kong) IMDb
  • Fleurs dans le miroir, lune dans l'eau (2009/François Lunel/France) 
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